Measuring projector error: random error

Definition

Random error is refers to the measurement results to be measured with a large number of repeated measurements of the average results of difference, which means "the same to the measurement of a large number of repeated measurements of the average results " refers to the average measured expectations or all the measured value in repeated condition. Error is ideal situation precludes the system error still exists.

Features

As long as the sensitivity of the test system is high enough, under identical measurement conditions, for the same value for many times, precision measurement, there will still be many accidental, unpredictable uncertainties interference caused measurement error, its absolute value and the sign is unpredictable.

Although random error of the single measurement does not have the rule, but the overall multiple measurements are subject to statistical law, processing the statistics on the measured data, can in theory, estimation of measurement results.

Random error can not take some technical measures for correction or ways to remove.

Production factors

The factors are very complex, such as the electromagnetic field of the micro change, friction, clearance, parts of the thermal fluctuation, air disturbance, changes in air pressure and humidity, measuring staff sense organs physiological changes, and their combined effect can become the factors generating random error.

Statistical law

( 1 ) unimodality: absolute value of error probability of occurrence of small probability of error than the absolute value of the big big.

( 2 ) symmetry: the absolute value of error is equal to the probability that there are equal and the negative error.

( 3 ) boundedness: absolute value has big error probability to zero. The absolute value of error is no more than a certain limit.

( 4 ) offset: in a certain measurement conditions, measurements with increasing the times of measurement error tends to zero value of the arithmetic mean.

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